Kidney is an organ in the body which performs several function in the body as well as in animals including vertebrates and some invertebrates as they are essential in the urinary system of the body to serve homeostatic functions and regulations of electrolytes as the maintains acid base balance in the body to regulate blood pressure such as maintaining salt and water to serve the body as a natural filter of the blood and removes wastes from the body which is diverted to the urinary bladder to produce urine, the Kidney excrete wastes like urea and ammonium and absorption of water, glucose and amino acid, It produces hormones like Calcitriol, erythrocyte and the enzyme rennin.
Kidney is located at the abdominal cavity and is the para vertebral gutter and lie in the retrospection as it is position at a slight oblique angle as it has two one on each side of the spine as it receives blood from the paired renal arteries and drains into a paired renal vein, each kidney excretes urine in a ureter as it is a paired structure that empties into the urinary bladder. Each Adult kidney weights around 125 to 170 grams in males and 115 and 155 grams in females, left kidney is slightly larger than the right.
Kidney failure (Also called as Renal failure)
When a person’s kidney does not respond or stop working properly or fails to filter toxins and waste products from the body results in kidney failure
Renal failure can be cauterized in two categories
Chronic Renal Failure develops very slowly in the body and there is very less noticeable symptoms and some of the affects the body system, red blood cells, blood pressure control weakens the bones in our body.
Acute Renal failure usually occurs when the blood supply to the kidney is suddenly stops functioning and is overloaded with excessive toxins in the body may leads to failure and other source may be accident or injuries or previous surgeries deprived from the normal flow of the blood may also results in failure, Over doses of medicines or consuming high antibiotics also a common problems of failures.
Symptoms of kidney failure
High level of urea in the blood results symptoms such as
- Vomiting ( leads to dehydration in the body)
- Nausea
- Weight Loss
- Frequent urination with colored urine
- Blood in the urine
- Difficult in urination
Large amount of phosphates in the blood leads to kidney diseases as it not able to filter and may cause the following actions.
- Itching
- Bone damage
- Muscle cramps (caused due to low level of calcium and cause hypocalcaemia)
Excessive amount of potassium in the blood cannot filter and leads to hyperkalemia
- Muscle paralysis
- Abnormal heart rhythms
When proteins cannot pass through filter and is recognized later and may cause symptoms
- Difficulty in sleeping
- Dark spots on the skin
- Bad taste in the mouth
- Swelling in the hands, face, feet, abdomen.
- Pain in the back side
Some common drugs that can cause kidney failure for long term purpose are aspirin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen (Also called as Paracetamol tablet)
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